Cushion cap



Aug. 27, 1935. D. A GILLEN Y 2,012,872

CUSHION CAP l original Filed April 13, 1954 INVENTQR jaune! 'z//elz BY v w ATTORNEY Patented Aug. A27, 1.935

Another object of the presentiinventicn isto I, nprovidea cushion capfor'absorbingwater'hami meringin a water system, the arrangement being such that there are .provided both a caprand 'a spring. cushion 'to absorb anyihammering 'in the water. system. .i i 1 iV An additional robject; more specically,1is yto provide 'a cushion cap for-water systems wherein there. is provided al resilient cap formed :of lrubber orfother resilient. material for *confining air and water to the systemfand which` isi' arranged with aspringto take care of anyhammering-or 1910 vtendency to'hammer in the system. il i,

In the accompanying drawing-QV Figure isla longitudinal Ysectional* 'view' through a cushion cap disclosing an lembodiment of the-invention; ,i l"-' Egg Figure 2V isfa sectional' view through'Flgurefl .onthe line 22; 1 I r v Figure .3L i'sy an enlarged' detailed perspective Y view of Aa floating closure valve embodying certain ifeatures of thefinvention; '15

Figure 4 is a View partly in section and partly in elevationvillustrating part of a waterisystem extending through a wall and provided with a cushion cap embodying the invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawing by numerals, I indicates lthe wall of a house of any desired kind, and 2 the supply pipe extending from the supply main in the street or other source. A valve 3 of any desired kind may be provided to shut off the water whenever necessary, and n also a meter 4 may be used in the usual manner. From meter 4 a pipe 5 leads to the outlets in the `house in order to supply `water thereto.

Where some or all of the outlets are provided with quick closing valves, as, forinstance, spring 45 valves, the system is liable to develop what is ,known as water hammering which will tem- 'porarily increase the pressure in the pipes sev-y eral times and will produce not only a disagreeable noise but will cause the various connections y 50 to leak after a short time. To overcome this ob- 2,912,872 i CUSHION Y Pagefeeillenlusheali# ajciains. (crisi-71) t -vided which will absorb/the hammer upon `creation thereoffso that it usuallydoesnot reacha "maximum hammering action, `thus=ca1i`s ing'theisystem to remain quiet and relievingall pthevalves .and Aiittir-igs oftheletra pressure-prolduced vby' the hammering..` f

"Asshown inFigurev 4 a T-ftting 6fis interposed in pipe Erandthelstandpipe' 1 is connected tothe 'T-ttingfj The 'standpipe at ktheupper ndfis screwed into the bottomf -ofr the :cushion cap #9, PVIO -fshownwparticullarly in ligurejl.` As illustratedin Figure l the bottomT 8: interiorly is provided with :an annularange Ill which acts: as a seat ,forthe` andfscrewed ntothe sidewall I9 of theidevice.

vvJt'ionand also by reason ofthe action offthe spring w 'I6L presses against the 'seat'.liwith' someappre- -ciable` pressurel. {Ini many yplaces iti is desirable@ that the fpressure :normally be' about Vsquare' Iinch, ibut'` thiss'presfsure 'mayfbe i #varied widely without departing lfrom the spiritxof the invention. However, when the cup I2 is pressing against the seat ID with 4a 35 1b. pressure per 35;

square inchit will be necessaryforthe pressure in pipe 'I to be greater than 35 lbs. before'the cup I2 will `move upwardly against the action` of v spring I6. Y'

In ordinary water systems it has been found occasionally that the pressure will increase up toA 200 lbs. per square inch for an instant duringthe hammering action. When the pressure increases in this manner or even to a less extent, theY cup I2 will move upwardly to relieve or absorb this pres- "V sure and, consequently,vprevent any real hammering in the system. It will be understood that i when the device is rst mounted pipe 'I Vis lled kwith air and, consequently, when thejwater is *e turned on this` air isconned so that if -,there i should be any attempt at hammering in ,the4

system the. air in pipe 'I will take care ofthe k l small hammering action and absorbv thejsame.'r But if the hammering action should reach an extent where it produces a pressure greater than' n 35 lbs. per square inch, the cup I2'wil1 begin to move away from its seat in absorbing this extra pressure. Y A

From Figure 1 it will be noted that above the lug I5 there is an appreciable space in which air is confined. When the bottom part of the' cupV moves upwardly this air is brought under cornpression and assists the spring in resistingrthe upward movement of the bottom of the cup, thus assisting in taklngcare of extreme wateryhammerlng conditions or,'. rather, extreme rises in pressure in the pipe. l f

When the vpressure in chamber 20 the small passageway 2| and against the floating valve 22, but if the pressure is increasedl rather suddenly the valve 22 will ,move 11p` quickly so that the upper part will engage the'seat '.fo'rr'ned'V tween the pipes.

at the lower end of the pipe 23.l The pipe carrying the passageway 2| and pipe 23 are both carf ,riedby the hol1owp1ug`24, which also carriesy the A plugmember 25, thus formingV the chamberZB. This constructionV is of` particular` value when the;device-becomesold and the rubber cup I 2 begins to, leak.: This does not 4take place .usually -for about ve or six years or more, but eventually it will occur.` When the water leaks through the cup into/the chamber-2l] it will pass through the y small passageway '2| andquicklyraisev valve 22 so vthat none of thewater'can escape through pipe 23. However, .asi soon'asthe.- pressure de-y creases, valve 2 I "quickly falls and? the downward movement ofthe lower part :ofthe cup2l2 will produce aA slight rarefaction', whereupon fairzwill rush into thev chamber 26. Bythis means there -Ais almost always a supply of fair in chamber `26, ri even. when the; cup I 2 is leaking. "However', the

,xaction' of thepartswhenfunctioning fully is to 'absorb' the rise in pressure inthe water system and therebyprevent actual :hammering as' the .cushionedairfinpipe Vl and the resilient action @of cup I2With its spring I6 Iwillfperrnit aflow ."ofwaterlnt pipe 'l suncient to takecareofthe :instant rise linpressureA caused by .the quickl closf ing valve vor someother atachment. 1

. j As soon 'as the rise in pressure hasfbeentaken Hcare. of, thefparts will-,againv reassume their `for- :gmer positions and the usual pressure willbe f maintained inthe water system.. f lit will `be evildentthatat any timevthe'cushion'cap. 9 may be ',removedffrompipe 1 anda newbne substituted. yf' when this is done the valve I2 is preferably shut z cured to the bodylfor holding the spring and cup y increases toi an appreciable extent the air will pass through" in order to close saidf aperture, a spring holding l thecupin a given position,. acover, member sein place,`a `vent`plug carried byK 'said cover, said .,...vent plug having achamber and a pair of pipes extending therein, `and a float valve arranged between said pipes, said pipes each'having a valve seat coacting with the float valve so that the float valve'n'iay` at one time close one pipe and at another time closeanother pipe, while in a third position 'it may oat at an intermediate point bef 2.',A" cushion cap for water supply systems,

,comprising7 a, hollow;cylindricaly body adapted to be connected'tov said systennsaid body'being open 'atbothendsfonefof said ends acting as an open -top and-the lother. as a Ybottom,said bottom be- ,ging formed with= janinwardly .extending .flange 25 acting asY avvalve seat, a resilient cylindricalrubber cup positioned in said body, said cup having Aa closed end and .anopenend'formedwith an outwardly,` extending annular flange overlapping the top of said body, said closed end normally rest- :ing on' said valveseatysaid cup havingv an an- ,nular wall merging into said outwardly extending flange and a centrally positioned boss extending` upwardly from said closedzbottom whereby anyannular. groover is` provided between said wall and said boss, a-reinovable coverror thetop of y said body, .said cover normally'pinching'the ing against said cover and thev other against that .,partof: thezcup at the' bottom of said groovel for normally and resiliently holding the closed bottom of the cup against said seat, whereby when fr air under' pressure acts; on said closed'end of said gli cup and forces the same away from fsaid' seat,

said annular wall will have a tendency 'to bulge outwardly 'againstf said .body lfor forming' atight contact therewith so that no air` can pass said DANIEL A. GInLENl 

